• Two key enzymes play important roles

  2019-11-19

  

  Two key enzymes play important roles in the bioconversion of xylitol from d-arabitol, namely d-arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) and NADH-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), respectively (Qi et al., 2014). In an earlier study, we developed a high xylitol yield strain by expressing xdh in E. coli BL21

• Cryptosporidium is a protist causing serious

  2019-11-19

  

  Cryptosporidium is a protist causing serious diarrhea in humans and other animals (Bouzid et al. 2013). In its mitosomes, the most reduced forms of mitochondria, it is assumed that the membrane potential is generated by a simple respiratory chain consisting of transhydrogenase, type II NADH dehydrog

• In solid tumors such as

  2019-11-19

  

  In solid tumors, such as those in breast and pancreatic cancer, infiltrating CD68+ or CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) correlate with poor outcome (DeNardo et al., 2011, Kurahara et al., 2011, Shabo et al., 2008). The tumor-promoting function of TAMs is based on their capacity to secrete p

• Compound was generated using a literature procedure and

  2019-11-19

  

  Compound was generated using a literature procedure and required two-step Dess–Martin-periodinane/Pinnick oxidation prior to the methylation of the sulfonamide. Compound () was obtained from the Suzuki coupling of the methyl ester intermediate (en route to Cobimetinib ). Hydrolysis of all methyl est

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK

  2019-11-19

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a highly conserved module that mediates the transduction of signals from the cell surface to the nucleus (M. Köbel et al., 2005), meanwhile, it is known to be activated by a wide array of signals ranging from growth and differentiation factors t

• The compounds listed in Table Table Table

  2019-11-19

  

  The compounds listed in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 were biologically evaluated for their inhibition of the specific binding of a radiolabeled ligand [3H]PGE2 to membrane fractions prepared from cells stably expressing each mouse prostanoid receptor. The EP1 antagonist activity of th

• br Early developments Historically the advent

  2019-11-19

  

  Early developments Historically, the advent of SMEPT can be traced to the 1980′s, where the first example of localized prodrug conversion was achieved using a judiciously placed enzyme – in order to achieve a localized feed of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Immobilization of E. coli-derived cytosine deam

• Our results demonstrated that ET a Wnt ligand stimulated

  2019-11-19

  

  Our results demonstrated that ET-1, a Wnt ligand, stimulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. First, ET-1/ETRA binds to Frizzled family cell-surface receptors, resulting in the activation of Dvl1, a Dishevelled (DSH) family protein. Next, activated DSH inhibits the Axin, GSK-3β, and APC protein

• Some antioxidants including N acetylcysteine and SOD

  2019-11-19

  

  Some antioxidants, including N-acetylcysteine and SOD, have been shown to decrease collagen deposition and protect the lungs in various animal models and even in clinical trials (Chan et al., 2013, Loomis-King et al., 2013, Rafii et al., 2013, Teixeira et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2013). Bleomycin-ind

• br Authors contribution br Disclosure statement

  2019-11-19

  

  Authors contribution Disclosure statement Acknowledgements This study has received funding from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (PRIN 2015, grant number 2015373Z39_008) and from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 115797 (INNODIA)

• Transcription can also be impaired by lesions in the templat

  2019-11-19

  

  Transcription can also be impaired by lesions in the template DNA strand, which may lead to stalling of RNA polymerase (RNAP) or to transcriptional mutagenesis, thus producing mutant RNAs and proteins [[3], [4], [5], [6], [7]]. At the same time, RNAP can act as a sensor for DNA lesions, by attractin

• Following mutagenesis of the glucarpidase gene of Pseudomona

  2019-11-18

  

  Following mutagenesis of the glucarpidase gene of Pseudomonas sp. strain RS-16 [30], approximately 73% of the clones retained enzyme activity, as indicated by the clear zones and yellow precipitate surrounding their colonies. However, there were very few that had ‘halos’ around colonies that were da

• Amiloride HCl br Discussion Previous studies have reported c

  2019-11-18

  

  Discussion Previous studies have reported conflicting association results between the functional variant DBH −1021C>T and PD [8], [9]. Our findings would suggest that DBH −1021C>T does not dramatically decrease the risk of disease although it may marginally affect symptomatic AAO. However, whethe

• ARA metabolites which are produced through cytochrome P CYP

  2019-11-18

  

  ARA metabolites, which are produced through cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes influence cardiovascular homeostasis. Human CYP4A11 and CYP1A2 metabolize ARA to 20-hydroxyecostearonic 50014 (20-HETE) [11], which is a vasoconstrictor [12], platelet activator [13] and naturetic in the kidney [14]. On th

• To understand the behavior of enzymes in

  2019-11-18

  

  To understand the behavior of enzymes in ILs at a molecular level, it is first desirable to dissolve enzymes in the solvents. For soluble catalysts, there are many relatively simple spectroscopic and other techniques for obtaining accurate information at a molecular level. Parker et al. [9] reported

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