• Recent studies revealed that synthetic oligomeric

  2022-04-14

  

  Recent studies revealed that synthetic oligomeric Aβ1-42 decreased GLT-1 expression and promoted mislocalization of GLT-1 from the cell surface of primary astrocytes, leading to glutamate dyshomeostasis in synapses (Abdul et al., 2009, Scimemi et al., 2013). To address the cause for reduction of ast

• Historically a role for the prefrontal cortex in

  2022-04-14

  

  Historically, a role for the prefrontal cortex in spatial working memory has been repeatedly claimed (for review, see Kolb, 1984). Older studies using traditional, non-fibre-sparing lesions (e.g. aspiration lesions) often resulted in spatial alternation deficits. In contrast, more recent studies emp

• br The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines

  2022-04-14

  

  The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of evidence have implicated the rodent hippocampus in spatial forms of learning and memory (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978). For example, hippocampal lesions produce robust and reliable deficits on spatial memory tasks such as the Morris watermaze in bot

• 350 Recent studies suggest that the

  2022-04-14

  

  Recent studies suggest that the biological importance of endogenous ghrelin becomes accentuated during exposure to more metabolically-constrained and stressful environments. Indeed, mice lacking either ghrelin or GHSR demonstrate impaired ability to adapt metabolically and/or behaviorally to caloric

• br Conclusion and future directions GS is an

  2022-04-14

  

  Conclusion and future directions GS is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Its structure and function have been studied during the last years to understand the substrate cleavage mechanism to modulate the Aβ42 peptide production. The recent elucidation of GS

• Dyphylline Notch signaling maintains the balance between neu

  2022-04-14

  

  Notch signaling maintains the balance between neural stem cells and neural progenitors (Aguirre et al., 2010, Basak and Taylor, 2007, Mizutani et al., 2007). Conditional knock out of Notch causes depletion in the progenitor pool, showing that Notch is required for the maintenance of neural stem cell

• In summary the SAR of a series

  2022-04-13

  

  In summary, the SAR of a series of phenylpropanoic acid-free fatty nisin receptor agonists is described which resulted in the identification of potent FFA4 agonists. The superior pharmacokinetic properties of compound led to its selection as an in vivo tool compound which afforded robust efficacy

• br Results br Discussion CD T

  2022-04-13

  

  Results Discussion CD8 T I-BET151 are important for immune control of many viral infections (Ehtisham et al., 1993, Kagi et al., 1994, Mullbacher et al., 1999, Walsh et al., 1994). CD8 T cells are essential for efficient clearance of MAV-1 from the lungs and for airway inflammation during acut

• The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their FAA

  2022-04-13

  

  The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their FAAH inhibitory activity in vitro. In addition, molecular modeling, selectivity and reversibility behavior of the new class of FAAH inhibitors are presented in this article. Results and discussion The potency of inhibition on the human rec

• It has been suggested that MAPK

  2022-04-13

  

  It has been suggested that MAPK (Huang et al., 2013, Uddman et al., 2003, Xu et al., 2008) signaling pathway is involved in the transcriptional upregulation of ETB receptor. The present study demonstrated that treatment with CsA increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. Inhibition of ERK1/2 and p

• As an inflammatory mediator histamine plays a pivotal role i

  2022-04-13

  

  As an inflammatory mediator, histamine plays a pivotal role in nociceptive processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (Gemkow et al., 2009; Hough & Rice, 2011; Tiligada et al., 2009). In this respect, the participation of H3Rs in modulating pain, especially neuropathic pain, has at

• Several mechanisms have been suggested to

  2022-04-13

  

  Several mechanisms have been suggested to underline the release of signalling molecules from astrocytes: reverse operation of glutamate transporters, volume-regulated anion channels, gap-junctional hemi channels, diffusional release through purinergic receptors and Ca2+-dependent exocytosis [2], [15

• Sometime ago we have described diamino triazines as histamin

  2022-04-13

  

  Sometime ago we have described diamino-1,3,5-triazines as histamine H4R ligands,12, 13 and aryl derivatives of the 1,3,5-triazine, which attenuated inflammatory and nociceptive response in vivo in the rodent models of inflammation induced by alzheimer's disease and zymosan. In this work we describe

• Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is the fifth most

  2022-04-13

  

  Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most lethal malignant tumor worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death [1]. For HCC patients, RGFP966 virus (HBV) infection is the important causative risk factor in Asia-Pacific regions [[2], [3], [4]]. In China, more

• 66 4 PLP has been found to be effective inhibitor of

  2022-04-13

  

  PLP has been found to be effective inhibitor of many enzymes that have 66 4 for phosphate-containing substrates or effectors, including RNA polymerase [14], [15], reverse transcriptase [16], and DNA polymerase [17], [18]. Oka et al. [19], [20] reported that vitamin B6 deficiency generally enhances

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